TwoTwoWayDirectionalValve

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TwoTwoWayDirectionalValve

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Iconic Diagrams\Hydraulics\Valves\Basic Valves

Use

Domains: Continuous. Size: 1-D. Kind: Iconic Diagrams (Hydraulics).

Description

TwoTwoWayDirectionalValve

This model describes a 2/2-way directional control valve with second order spool dynamics. The flow through the valve is described as laminar/turbulent flow through an orifice:

 

dp = pa.p - pb.p

phi = sign(dp) * Cd * A(sp) * sqrt( (2/rho) * abs(dp) ) + GLeak * dp;

 

Here Cd is the discharge coefficient which normally has a value between 0.55 and 0.7. A(sp) is the area of the orifice opening. A(sp) depends linearly on the spool position sp and varies between 0 (sp = 0) and the maximum area Amax (sp = 1). Gleak is the conductance of laminar leakage flow when the valve is closed. The relative opening of the spool valve is indicated by sp. For a closed valve the spool position (sp) is equal to zero and for an open valve the spool position (sp) is equal to 1.

 

TwoTwoWayValve1

 

In the neutral spool position (sp = 0) the valve is just closed. A positive overlap indicates that the spool must travel a certain distance before the valve opens.

 

TwoTwoWayValve2

 

A negative overlap indicates that the valve is already open in the neutral position.

 

TwoTwoWayValve3

 

The overlap is indicated by the parameter overlap, which is given as a fraction of the spool position.

 

The spool position sp is a function of the input signal spoolpos:

 

sp = SO(f,d,discrete(spoolpos))

 

where SO is a second order transfer function to model the spool dynamics. The function is characterized by the bandwidth (f) and damping (d). The model acts as a directional valve (a valve which is either open or closed) because the input signal spoolpos is rounded to 0 or 1:

 

spoolpos < 0.5 => 0

spoolpos >= 0.5 => 1

 

The pressure at both ports has a lower limit which is equal to the vapour pressure. Therefore the actual equations used in this component are:

 

pa_lim = if pa.p < p_vapour then p_vapour else pa.p end;

pb_lim = if pb.p < p_vapour then p_vapour else pb.p end;

 

Interface

Ports

Description

pa, pb

Both terminals of the valve.

Causality

 

fixed volume flow out pa

fixed volume flow out pb

 

Inputs

 

spoolpos

position of the spool valve

spoolpos < 0.5 => valve is closed

spoolpos >= 0.5 => valve is open

Parameters

 

Q_nom

 

Nominal flow at nominal pressure per edge, spool in the open position [m3/s], Q_nom > 0

Q_leak

p_nom

overlap

f

Leakage flow at nominal pressure per edge [m3/s], Q_leak > 0

Nominal pressure per edge [Pa], p_nom > 0

Valve overlap as  percentage of full stroke, -1 < overlap < 1.

Natural frequency, f > 0.